COP30 Brazil: 195 Nations Pledge to Cut Emissions 60% by 2035

COP30 delivers historic climate agreement in Brazil

Historic Agreement

After two weeks of intense negotiations in the heart of the Amazon, 195 nations signed the Belém Climate Compact. The agreement commits signatories to reduce emissions 60% below 2020 levels by 2035, with developed nations pledging 70% cuts.

Unlike previous agreements, the Belém Compact includes binding enforcement mechanisms. Countries failing to meet interim targets face trade penalties and exclusion from international climate finance.

Financial Commitments

Wealthy nations committed to providing $500 billion annually to help developing countries transition to clean energy. The fund will support renewable energy infrastructure, climate adaptation, and compensation for climate-related damages.

A new 'loss and damage' mechanism will channel $100 billion yearly to nations suffering from climate disasters they did not cause. Small island nations and least developed countries will receive priority access.

Amazon Protection

Host nation Brazil committed to ending Amazon deforestation by 2028, five years ahead of previous targets. International partners pledged $50 billion to support forest protection and sustainable development for local communities.

Similar commitments were made for the Congo Basin and Indonesian rainforests, creating a global network of protected carbon sinks.

Industry Transition

The agreement phases out coal power by 2035 in developed nations and requires all new cars sold to be electric by 2030. Aviation and shipping face new emissions standards with binding reduction targets.